Debt‑to‑income (DTI)

A ratio comparing total monthly debt payments to gross monthly income.

Updated Sep 06, 2025

The Debt-to-Income (DTI) ratio compares a borrower’s total monthly debt payments to their gross monthly income. It is used worldwide by lenders to measure a borrower’s ability to manage debt and repay loans.

How It’s Calculated

DTI = (Total monthly debt payments ÷ Gross monthly income) × 100. This includes mortgage or rent, credit cards, student loans, car loans, and any other recurring debts. A lower DTI indicates better financial stability and borrowing capacity.

Why It Matters

  • For lenders: Shows whether a borrower is likely to keep up with all debt obligations.
  • For borrowers: Helps identify how much of their income is committed to debt and whether they can safely take on more.

Final Thoughts

The DTI ratio is a crucial tool in personal finance and lending decisions. Keeping it low improves borrowing options and reduces financial stress, while a high DTI can signal risk to both lenders and borrowers.